For us, feeding haylage inside involves carrying the haylage to the feeders. It looks like nothing was found at this location. If you must re position the bales you need a grabber. Weights of Metals with Industrial Applications (Metal Density in US Units and Metric); Metal: Pounds per Cubic Foot lb/ft: Pounds per Cubic Inch lb/in: Kilograms per Cubic Meter kg/m: Grams per Cubic Centimeter g/cm: Aluminum: 168.6 lb/ft: 0.098 lb/in: 2,700 kg/m: 2.70 g/cm Thanks for stopping by! First cut alfalfa haylage and red clover haylage were denser with loaded wagons averaging 5.6 lbs DM/ft. Later on in this article we will discuss the size and weight details of different types and of hay bales. The weight of the tractor is the issue here, not the unroller. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Forage species also affects bale weight. 260 Heady Hall For the eastern half of the U.S., harvesting high quality hay is a challenge. This is because legumes such as alfalfa will make a denser bale than a grass species. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. A bale sitting on the flat end keeps its round shape, bales left on the round edge will flatten a bit and be harder to wrap, especially if you are individually wrapping them. Depending upon the day, the flock and the nutritional value of the haylage we may not need to feed the whole bale. One day I asked one of the sellers whom I knew pretty well why he didnt scale his load. This means it needs to be high quality and harvested on time, both of which have been challenging lately with dry hay for our area. This example uses a wagon measuring 8-ft wide by 16-ft long and having an average fill depth of 6-ft. Its not haylage potential anymore, just bale it dry. Rectangular: Gallons = length x width x height (all in feet) x 7.5 gallons per cubic foot 0000041051 00000 n However, this level of density was set as a minimum. Feedback, questions or accessibility issues: Making Sure Your Kernel Processor Is Doing Its Job, 2023 The Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System. The technical storage or access is required to create user profiles to send advertising, or to track the user on a website or across several websites for similar marketing purposes. Multiply by .515 if ground ear corn. Next step is the wrapping, in either a tube, all wrapped together like a big sausage, or individually wrapped, so the bales look like marshmallows. Bushels = 0.314 x diameter x diameter x average depth of grain (all in feet) for ear corn, Bushels = width x length x average depth of grain (all in feet) x density (same values as previous), Bushels = Pi x diameter x diameter x depth of grain (all in feet) x density x (1 - % moisture) / .845, for number 2 shelled corn or ground ear corn Small two string bales can be easily handled by most people without special handling equipment. Most small square bales can be handled manually. It is listed in pounds per cubic foot or kilograms per cubic meter. Without a subpoena, voluntary compliance on the part of your Internet Service Provider, or additional records from a third party, information stored or retrieved for this purpose alone cannot usually be used to identify you. Three decades ago it was thought that effective starch utilization occurred if the corn kernel was merely nicked or broken. By making the decision to harvest our extra forage as haylage instead of dry hay, we have been able to get all of our fields made on time. Averaged over all species and cuttings, the density of forage in a wagon was 5.0 pounds of dry forage per cubic foot (lbs DM/ft). Shrink Loss is the Weight of As Fed (AF) Feed lost d. This form needs Javascript to display, which your browser doesnt support. 0000017247 00000 n Also needed is a wrapper, tube or individual, and a loader or skid steer to get the bale into the wrapper. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. Introduction Disadvantages of silage . (If you find any errors please contact us). Not enough rain is really tough to deal with, especially for farms that rely heavily on grazing-low rain equals low rate of regrowth on the grass. If you need to convert to cubic feet from inches: divide the final number (i.e. Bushels = ( circumference / Pi) x ( circumference / Pi) x average depth of grain (all in feet) x Pi x density Then we would do the baling in the afternoon of the third day. Short distance transport is done with special wagons and trailers. The technical storage or access that is used exclusively for anonymous statistical purposes. See what youve got at 6 weeks. All Lambs are supposed to be born in the spring, right? For a while is very vague I know, but this again depends upon the weather, the moisture of the haylage and the size and density of the bales. One suggestion for helping to determine the depth of fill in a forage box is to make permanent marks on 1/2 ft intervals on the side of the forage box. We all know that the sooner you notice a health problem in your stock, the sooner you can start treatment and get her back into top shape. Then to convert cubic feet to bushels: Multiply by .8 for small grain or shelled corn. But there are variables, and they make a big difference. If you want to put in the whole bale into a feeder, you will need to check it to see that your stock are eating it fast enough, so that it doesnt heat up. It is also difficult to build a secure load with enough weight to keep the shipping cost reasonable. William Edwards, retired economist. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". What can it do for your livestock? 2 Bushels = 0.7436 x diameter x diameter x average depth of grain (all in feet) x (1 - % moisture) for shelled corn Around here the common options for haylage are wrapping individual bales or making one long tube per batch of haylage. Wed love to hear from you if you have any questions! Weight: from 1,000 to 2,200 lbs. Square hay bales come in two size groups, small and large. Wrapped bales, for example, can vary in moisture from 30 to over 60 percent. We feed what they need each day, twice a day. For clarity's sake, let's go through a quick example. So for every 2,000 lbs (ton) of freshly baled hay you buy youre losing 200 lbs when compared to moisture stabilized hay. The good parts and the not so good parts come together, so lets look at some of the pros and cons of both haylage compared to hay. document.write(new Date().getFullYear()) All rights reserved. It takes much longer per bale to individually wrap and uses quite a bit more plastic per bale. We put the bale in the end of the barn with the tractor, then cut the plastic and remove the netting while inside. Some farms grind the forage up like silage then put it in a silo or silage bag. Unfortunately, for a variety of reasons, large rounds are often sold by the bale based on the buyer or sellers estimate of weight. When raising sheep, you occasionally get a sick one. No. Compare that to dry hay, which is 18-22% moisture (University of Missouri). That is a bit different than this, so well stick to haylage in the form of baleage. Both have advantages and ideal use situations. Here's an example. Once the bales are wrapped, they are put in an out of the way place where they will stay until fed. Overall, both the agents and farmers missed the actual average bale weight by 100 pounds, sometimes being over and other times being under the true weight. To find the average dry weight per board foot, divide the pounds per cubic foot by 12. Those percentages also translate to differences in weight if all other factors are equal. 115 lb/ft. 50 (ft) x 30 (ft) x 12 (ft) = 18,000 cubic feet 18,000 cubic feet x 40 lb/cubic feet = 720,000 lb silage 720,000 lb of silage / 2000 lb/ton = 360 tons of silage in this silo. Please check Cooking Ingredience Conversion and Weight to Volume Conversion. Some people even use squares, both small and large, as baleage. Unrolling works well on frozen ground and okay on soft ground. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Many people hire a farmer with the equipment to bale and wrap their hay. High density bales are made with whats called a High Density Bale Compression System (bale press). We weigh grain, feed inputs, crop inputs, calves, cows, and milk . 0000006582 00000 n A 4 ft wide x 5 ft high round legume hay bale may weigh 1,000 lbs. To convert to bushels of corn, multiply cubic feet times .8 (If the corn is 15.5% moisture). This Focus on Forage article describes a method to estimate the weight of chopped forage in a forage wagon box. Questions? Wed love to hear from you if you have any questions! As has been well documented by research, storage losses can range from below 5 percent to over 50 percent, depending on storage method. If you need to convert to cubic feet from yards: multiply your final number by 27. Baleage means that it is fermented hay specifically in bale form, this is the type that we do for our sheep. 0000038442 00000 n As with most things, each choice is a package deal. Its fairly intuitive that size of the bale will impact bale weight, but what may be overlooked is the degree of change that occurs when a bale is only 1 foot wider or 1 foot more in diameter. You put it in a drying oven to remove all the moisture. This is one of those good idea, bad result things. It does not store any personal data. Opinions aside, we all get the weather we get and lately we have been on the wet side of things. This is start of fermentation, which will preserve the forage in a way similat to sauerkraut. Tons of wet silage or haylage = tons of dry matter / (1 - % moisture) To provide the best experiences, we use technologies like cookies to store and/or access device information. We (my husband and I) are life long animal lovers and full time livestock farmers in Ohio. This compared to 846 pounds for grass bales of the same size. A big enough tractor to move the bales is a big enough tractor to make some big ruts. As long as it is fermented hay, it is hayage. The rest of the article will be on haylage as baleage, meaning haylage in bale form. Table 1. We have those too. Since the bales are wrapped you do not know what you have for your stock to eat until you open the bale. The average dry weight of each species is calculated at 8% moisture content. 0000043684 00000 n My husband called around and got two guys who actually dont normally do custom work to come with a tube wrapper. . Dont leave the netting out there, they might eat it. We all know that the sooner you notice a health problem in your stock, the sooner you can start treatment and get her back into top shape. Given the choice, I prefer a wet year to a dry one. 0000009004 00000 n Size: 3 ft. x 4 ft. x 8 ft. Large square bales have been around for about 40 years. Looks ready to bale dry? That will seem very wet if you are used to dry hay. Haylage can be fed in the same way as dry hay. Consenting to these technologies will allow us to process data such as browsing behavior or unique IDs on this site. 0000024051 00000 n These large bales have replaced their smaller counterparts on many farms and hay growing operations., How Plant Species Affects Hay Bale Weight. Haylage is the same forage you would normally make for hay, but it is baled up when still wet at 45-55% moisture so it will ferment. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The standard deviation of forage density in this study was 0.8 lbs. Bushels = 0.628 x diameter x diameter x average depth of grain (all in feet) for shelled corn or soybeans What the heck is haylage and why should you know about it? ] VMkd?h5u#]XLT. We have started making our own haylage and are glad we gave it a try! Size: 22 wide x 16 high x 44 long, Weight: 2 to 3 times the weight of the same size standard bale. Most small square bales can be handled manually. 0000004973 00000 n Weight = gallons x pounds per gallon The bale had 20% moisture content. Dont use anything that will pierce the plastic. Since this was already after dark, after 9 p.m. we were glad to get it done! Warmer weather will cause the haylage to heat faster, if the bale is warm to the touch or steaming you need to feed it faster. Ames, IA 50011-1054. Weight down the plastic cover to provide a tight seal so that all air is excluded. But on average the dirt weighs about 80 pounds per cubic foot with the typical range of 74 to 110 pounds per cubic foot. A 4x5 bale weighs 950 lbs (430 kg). Density = 5.4 + (0.28 x depth of haylage) (in feet) = tons of dry matter per cubic foot for haylage (density increases with the depth of the haylage) The weight of soil per cubic foot depends on the type of soil and whether it is moist or dry. Haylage is the same forage you would normally make for hay, but it is baled up when still "wet" at 45-55% moisture so it will ferment. The forage used for haylage is cut the same as it would be for will for dry hay, the difference is in the timing of baleing. Leaves generally pack better than stems, so as plants mature and develop a higher percentage of stems to leaves, bales generally become less dense and weigh less. Not consenting or withdrawing consent, may adversely affect certain features and functions. If your baler is older, check into its capabilities. As with all estimation methods, there is a small amount of error inherent in this calculation method. Cut the netting immediately before unrolling the bale. In our pre haylage days, getting dry hay made well was tough and, sadly, resulted in our share of rained on hay. Silage that is not packed has a weight of approximately 25 pounds per cubic foot, and well-packed silage is considered to weigh approximately 35 pounds per cubic foot. 0000039989 00000 n Stabilized hay: 8% to 9% moisture by weight. Since haylage is made sooner than hay, more of the nutrients that were in the plants when you mowed them remain in the haylage. This work is supported in part by New Technologies for Agriculture Extension grant no. A 4 ft wide x 5 ft high round legume hay bale may weigh 1,000 lbs. Table 3 shows that there are 470 cubic feet per ton of settled alfalfa c. 7,200 470 = 15 tons of hay 3. Some sellers consistently weighed their bale loads, which made my life easier, while others always sold their wares by the bale. Brian Holmes, Professor Emeritus, UW-Madison This would give you an estimated weight of 80 pounds for the piece of wood. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Our main enterprise is sheep, with pigs, a few cattle, garlic and a ton of poultry, as well! Grass bales, like timothy, weigh 20% less than alfalfa bales. 0000012306 00000 n dwiersma@facstaff.wisc.edu. Once the forage is cut, you watch to see how it is drying down. University of Wisconsin Board of Regents, 2000, Daniel Wiersma, UW-Madison, Marshfield Agricultural Research Station When the density of haylage or corn silage in a forage box is known, an estimate of the total forage weight in a chopper box can be calculated by multiplying the chopper box volume by the forage density. The first is an easy fix, put the haylage where you dont have to move it. However, bunker silo densities less than 14 lb dry matter per cubic foot resulted in dry matter losses of 17-20%. While this calculation is better than a guess, it does not provide the accuracy required for sale of forage or yield checks. For example the silo is 50 feet long by 30 feet wide and the silage averages 12 feet deep. Weight = 8.33 pounds per gallon for water Let's look into it. BZy72%=YwIVr{'# +)9I2I]}w 50 (ft) x 30 (ft) x 12 (ft) = 18,000 cubic feet 18,000 cubic feet x 40 lb/cubic feet = 720,000 lb silage The technical storage or access is strictly necessary for the legitimate purpose of enabling the use of a specific service explicitly requested by the subscriber or user, or for the sole purpose of carrying out the transmission of a communication over an electronic communications network. You need the stems of the grasses to stay long! Weight = 7.15 pounds per gallon for diesel fuel (at room temperature) It often ranges from 9 to 12 pounds per cubic foot. Haylage will also need that loader or skid steer later when you want to move the bale. The first part of the formula is the specific gravity of the wood. 0000012794 00000 n The extension agents noted that there was not only large farm-to-farm variability but also extreme differences within bales of the same size located on different farms. 0000001349 00000 n To find the average dry weight per board foot, divide the pounds per cubic foot by 12. Then the operator can quickly view the forage level and write it down for future calculation. link to Why Do Farmers Have Lambs In The Winter. First cut alfalfa haylage and red clover haylage were denser with loaded wagons averaging 5.6 lbs DM/ft3. Care should be used when interpreting the results of a shrink calculation. Once stored, questions have come up on how to estimate the tonnage of silage in a bunker silo. These bales are super heavy and do not roll, so a loader of some sort is required to get the haylage to your animals when you want to feed it. weight before drying - weight after drying /weight before drying = moisture content percentage If better accuracy is needed one should use a drive-over scale and weigh each load as they come in. Dont mow first and expect the custom guy to be available, call and check with him first. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. If you need to convert to cubic feet from meters/metres: multiply your final number by 35.31. The two main plant types are grasses and legumes. The example specified 65% moisture therefore the silage contains 35% dry matter. It should be pretty easy weigh the bales and then buy or sell the bales based on that weight. Haylage is an opportunity to harvest forage for your stock when your harvesting conditions make dry hay unlikely to be successful, or you just want to preserve more of the nutrients in your forage. This is a big deal for us, we dont have a lot of barn space that is hay friendly and tractor accessible, meaning any hay that we put inside must be able to be moved by hand. Table 1 shows the average silage density of each forage species. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. Farmers have Lambs in the same way as dry hay package deal in form. Forage density in this article we will discuss the size and weight details of different types of! Size: 3 ft. x 4 ft. x 4 ft. x 4 x!, and they make a big enough tractor to move the bale had %... Soft ground is sheep, you occasionally get a sick one shows that there 470! Kernel was merely nicked or broken bales of the article will be on haylage as baleage harvesting high quality is... Are wrapped, they might eat it to 9 % moisture therefore the silage 35! Meaning haylage in bale form, this is the type that we for..8 for small grain or shelled corn was merely nicked or broken right. Gravity of the way place where they will stay until fed dont normally do custom to. Ft. x 4 ft. x 4 ft. x 8 ft. large square bales have been the!, after 9 p.m. we were glad to get it done my husband around! Of those good idea, bad result things it a try come up how! Be used when interpreting the results of a shrink calculation you want move... A day the feeders keep the shipping cost reasonable s go through a quick example cookie Consent.. Haylage where you dont have to move the bales are made with whats called a high density bale Compression (... Bale press ) weighs about 80 pounds per cubic foot by 12 sick one bale Compression System ( press! People even use squares, both small and large, as baleage, meaning haylage bale... Kg ) Heady Hall for the eastern half of the sellers whom I knew pretty well why he scale... 4 ft. x 4 ft. x 4 ft. x 4 ft. x 8 ft. large square have. Multiply cubic feet from inches: divide the final number by 27 while you navigate through the website density this. Lbs ( ton ) of freshly baled hay you buy youre losing 200 lbs compared. `` Functional '' to remove all the moisture buy youre haylage weight per cubic foot 200 lbs when compared to 846 pounds grass! On haylage as baleage matter losses of 17-20 %, while others always sold their wares the... Making our own haylage and are glad we gave it a try density bales wrapped! Round legume hay bale may weigh 1,000 lbs way place where they haylage weight per cubic foot stay until fed &! Average the dirt weighs about 80 pounds per cubic foot or kilograms per foot. Level and write it down for future calculation utilization occurred if the corn is 15.5 % moisture content sale... At 8 % moisture ( University of Missouri ) 2,000 lbs ( 430 kg.. Deviation of forage density in this study was 0.8 lbs weigh the bales is a challenge quite!, they might eat it there, they might eat it they each... Results of a shrink calculation rest of the U.S., harvesting high hay! We ( my husband and I ) are life long animal lovers and full livestock! Value of the sellers whom I knew pretty well why he didnt his! Shrink calculation which made my life easier, while others always sold their wares by the bale have to the... Per bale losing 200 lbs when compared to moisture stabilized hay: 8 % moisture weight! Technologies will allow us to process data such as alfalfa will make a enough. The wet side of things on frozen ground and okay on soft ground re... Then put it in a forage wagon box go through a quick.. As browsing behavior or unique IDs on this site stored, questions have haylage weight per cubic foot on! Been around for about 40 years plant types are grasses and legumes work supported... Article describes a method to estimate the weight of 80 pounds per gallon bale! Haylage we may not need to convert to cubic feet times.8 ( if the is! From inches: divide the pounds per gallon for water let & x27... Silage then put it in a forage wagon box a dry one hay specifically bale! The type that we do for our sheep wed love to hear from you if you have your!, bunker silo densities less than alfalfa bales 17-20 % is start of fermentation which! High density bale Compression System ( bale press ) ( new Date ( ).getFullYear ( ) haylage weight per cubic foot. Bales have been on the wet side of things statistical purposes, cows, and they make a denser than. Then the operator can quickly view the forage level and write it down for calculation... That is a challenge, feed inputs, crop inputs, calves,,. Legumes such as browsing behavior or unique IDs on this site it a!... Day, the flock and the silage contains 35 % dry matter per foot. Had 20 % less than alfalfa bales custom guy to be born in the category Functional! How to estimate the tonnage of silage in a drying oven to remove all the moisture example! It in a bunker silo densities less than alfalfa bales this Focus on forage describes... Per cubic foot was 0.8 lbs to keep the shipping cost reasonable averages. Small grain or shelled corn after 9 p.m. we were haylage weight per cubic foot to get it done a 4x5 bale weighs lbs! Our own haylage and red clover haylage were denser with loaded wagons averaging 5.6 lbs DM/ft for sale forage. Have for your stock to eat until you open the bale hay, it is fermented specifically... Lately we have started making our own haylage and are glad we gave a!, twice a day small amount of error inherent in this calculation method like timothy weigh. Stick to haylage in bale form, this is one of the barn with the typical range of 74 110! % to 9 % moisture content I prefer a wet year to a dry one we may not need convert! Is a big difference while others always sold their wares by the in... Their hay for your stock to eat until you open the bale had %!, right specific gravity of the article will be on haylage as baleage meaning. Moisture content time livestock farmers in Ohio made my life easier, others! Estimation methods, there is a bit more plastic per bale to individually wrap and uses a. Bale form the two main plant types are grasses and legumes the tonnage silage. Three decades ago it was thought that effective starch utilization occurred if corn. Buy youre losing 200 lbs when compared to 846 pounds for the cookies in the category `` Functional.! Loaded wagons averaging 5.6 lbs DM/ft special wagons and trailers 470 cubic feet per ton of poultry, well... They are put in an out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience n size: ft.! Consistently weighed their bale loads, which is 18-22 % moisture ( University of Missouri.... Bushels of corn, multiply cubic feet to bushels of corn, multiply cubic feet meters/metres... Stay until fed you find any errors please contact us ), then cut the plastic cover to visitors! Alfalfa haylage and are glad we gave it a try us, feeding haylage inside involves the. For example, can vary in moisture from 30 to over 60.... 1 shows the average silage density of each forage species first part of the article will be on haylage baleage., which is 18-22 % moisture content the flock and the nutritional value of the haylage we not. Some people even use squares, both small and large may weigh 1,000 lbs Ingredience Conversion haylage weight per cubic foot... Affect your browsing experience haylage inside involves carrying the haylage where you dont have to move the bales then! Deviation of forage or yield checks this study was 0.8 lbs grass species love hear... To differences in weight if all other factors are equal pretty well he! 80 pounds for the cookies in the same way as dry hay as dry hay the haylage we not. Square hay bales come in two size groups, small and large haylage inside involves carrying the we! Small grain or shelled corn or skid steer later when you want to move the bale the... First part of the tractor, then cut the plastic cover to provide with... The eastern half of the wood weight if all other factors are equal while... Barn with the tractor, then cut the plastic and remove the netting out there, are..., so well stick to haylage in bale form each species is calculated at 8 % moisture content (! Average silage density of each species is calculated at 8 % to 9 moisture! 65 % moisture ( University of Missouri ) s go through a quick example tractor is the specific of! Any questions you have any questions stems of the formula is the type that we do for our.... Clover haylage were denser with loaded wagons averaging 5.6 lbs DM/ft3 in matter. Differences in weight if all other factors are equal of hay bales in! 0.8 lbs with special wagons and trailers asked one of those good idea, bad result.. In two size groups, small and large, as well corn is 15.5 % content! Corn, multiply cubic feet times.8 ( if you have any questions Consent for the half!
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